In this second part, we will explain how the dynamics of a next tender process might also have some undesirable outcomes.

French transport company, Keolis, won a public tender in 2019 for the bus transportation rights in the Eastern provinces of the Netherlands. The contract, valued at 900 million Euros, was revoked in the summer of 2020 as reports showed that Keolis had signed fraudulent agreements with their subcontractors. With the contract already due in December, the government had to award Keolis a two-year emergency concession to limit welfare losses. This article will demonstrate, through a game-theoretical analysis, how this tender rewarded fraudulent behaviour at the expense of society, potentially setting a bad precedent. We will also explain how the government should redesign future tender processes, to incentivise ethical behaviour and discourage fraud.

Environmentally sustainable business models are tricky things to put in place, right?

Reviews are ubiquitous in the online economy.

There is in interesting game of chicken going on in the airline industry right now. Should airlines sell all of the seats on their flights or block some to help keep people a little further apart for now?

Imagine you moved from Denmark to Malaysia and you want to subscribe to Spotify Premium from your new home.